Cometary Hydrogen and Hydroxyl Comas

Cometary hydrogen and hydroxyl comas.

Hydroxyl ionic liquids: the differentiating effect of hydroxyl on polarity due to ionic hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl and anions.

The polarity of a series of ionic liquids (ILs) based on hydroxyethyl-imidazolium moiety with various anions ([PF(6)], [NTf(2)], [ClO(4)], [DCA], [NO(3)], [AC], and [Cl]) and their corresponding nonhydroxyl ILs was investigated by solvatochromic dyes and fluorescence probe molecules. Most of the nonhydroxyl ILs exhibit anion-independent polarity with similar E(T)(30) in the narrow range of 50.7...

Cometary Diversity and Cometary Families 1.1 Introduction

Comets are classified from their orbital characteristics into two separate classes: nearly-isotropic, mainly long-period comets and ecliptic, short-period comets. Members from the former class are coming from the Oort cloud. Those of the latter class were first believed to have migrated from the Kuiper belt where they could have been accreted in situ, but recent orbital evolution simulations sh...

The Hydroxyl Content and Hydrogen Isotope Composition of Lunar Apatites

J. J. Barnes 1 , M. Anand 1,3 , I. A. Franchi 1 , N. A. Starkey 1 , Y. Ota 2 , Y. Sano 2 , S. S. Russell 3 and R. Tartèse 1 . 1 Planetary and Space Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK. 2 Atmosphere and Ocean research institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan. 3 The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London,...

COMAS: CoOrdination in MultiAgent Systems

A multiagent system is one in which multiple autonomous agents interact to solve complex tasks. Each agent in a multiagent system has its own set of goals. The central problem addressed in this paper is coordination in multiagent systems. Coordination is a process by which, a system of agents work together harmoniously. The focus of this paper is on two types of coordination, resource coordinat...